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KMID : 0363120160290010029
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Korean Journal of Pain
2016 Volume.29 No. 1 p.29 ~ p.33
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Dexamethasone or Dexmedetomidine as Local Anesthetic Adjuvants for Ultrasound-guided Axillary Brachial Plexus Blocks with Nerve Stimulation
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Lee Myeong-Jong
Koo Dae-Jeong
Choi Yu-Sun
Lee Kyu-Chang
Kim Hye-Young
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Abstract
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Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone or dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine on the onset and duration of ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus blocks (BPB).
Methods: Fifty-one ASA physical status I-II patients with elective forearm and hand surgery under axillary brachial plexus blocks were randomly allocated to receive 20 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine with 2 ml of isotonic saline (C group, n = 17), 20 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine with 2 ml (10 mg) of dexamethasone (D group, n = 17) or 20 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine with 2 ml (100 μg) of dexmedetomidine (DM group, n = 17). A nerve stimulation technique with ultrasound was used in all patients. The onset time and duration of sensory blocks were assessed.
Results: The duration of the sensory block was extended in group D and group DX compared with group C (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between group D and group DX. However, there were no significant differences in onset time in all three groups.
Conclusions: Dexamethasone 10 mg and dexmedetomidine 100 μg were equally effective in extending the duration of ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided axillary BPB with nerve stimulation. However, neither drug has significantly effects the onset time.
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KEYWORD
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Analgesia, Brachial plexus block, Dexamethasone, Dexmedetomidine, Ropivacaine, Ultrasound
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